Solutions To Reduce Job Insecurity In Companies Management Essay

Solutions To Reduce Job Insecurity In Companies Management Essay Without endorsement, employees would feel that their company does not care about its staff and would therefore lack security. Thus, in this regard, this research attempts to evaluate the relevant staff motivation strategies to achieve organisational targets in employee satisfaction for their respective jobs. The organisational background presented several points that only accentuates and stresses the need for a study in determining solutions of job security for staff. As part of the possible conclusion of the study, this research only details the solutions to reduce job insecurity in companies, and retaining staff in order to meet target goals and quality improvements. The outcome of this report is limited only to the data collated from research papers and extracts on employee retention, human resource management (HRM), motivation and from primary data collected from the result of the questionnaire survey and interviews that were completed by other researchers. A descriptive research will be more valuable as it deals with everything that can be counted and studied but also uses a quantitative approach which will be practical for quantifying employee relationships between factors affecting job security. Table of contents Introductionà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦..3 Problem statementà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦4 Aims and Objectivesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦5 Research Methodologyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦6 Benefits of the researchà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦8 Time planà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.9 Budget analysisà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦..10 Referencesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦..11 Introduction Job insecurity is a situation in which employees lack the assurance that their jobs will remain safe. It is an employees conviction that his or her job is irresolute and may come to an end sooner than predicted. From what has been conceived and inferred, it is clear that this sentiment is upsetting to employees, given the prospect of losing the positive material, social, and psychological benefits associated with employment (De Witte, 1999). Research into the matter has provided reliable evidence across firms, industries, and countries that job insecurity is associated with negative employee attitudes, behaviors but also health. Are you structurally unemployed, fractionally unemployed, or out of a job?(Colossi, 1989). Decrease in workforce, lay-offs, downsizing, rightsizing, and restructure- all of these are terms currently being used to describe the hard work of organisations to decrease overheads and to obtain or regain a competitive advantage. How the elementary change of job security to job insecurity affects employees, is a concern for policy makers and researchers. This study observes factors involved in job insecurity and how they affect employees in terms of personal feelings and future employability. The Main effects of job insecurity are: Its been heard many times that life and work should be kept in harmony and balance but when work takes over life, it is easy to resent it and lose a sense of perception: Suddenly everything about life itself is clouded with pessimism. Job insecurity is linked to health problems and this has been examined in many studies. Stress, anxiety, psychological problems and depression, mental problem and emotional collapse can all be considered as the products of this scenario and mind frame. Job insecurity is causing poor health, anxieties and stress though it is worth noting that it is not the sole contributing factor to these. They are also caused by many other circumstances, including threat of job loss, changes in job description, added responsibilities because of dismissal of co worker, forced relocation and loss of potential for promotion. Problem statement In the past, individual employees believed that they had job security in return for their fidelity, though now, they have no guaranteed career paths or long term employment. Employability has become the new philosophy in the business nowadays, replacing patronizing sentiments and job insecurity.(waterman et al, 1994) Survivors and victims of downsizing experience fear, uncertainty, insecurity, distrust, and hatred as well as emotions typical of misery ; rage, disagreement and lack of confidence. These feelings affect employees not only in their work environment but also in their private lives. These particular emotions are the neither healthy nor productive in their workplace (noer, 1993; keichel III, 1994). In the wake of downsizing, retained employees are expected to restructure and re-organise work processes, be decision makers, be collaborative and team players but also become more customer focused (henoff, 1994; Huey, 1993). Unsurprisingly, international organisations report tha t stress is ubiquitous and combined with low confidence, as employees deal with increasing workloads, their reactions to organisational situations cause continuity to be threatened. Staff, employees or workers are fuels of every organisation. Without them, the organisation cannot function. They complete every essential tasks for the proliferation of the organisation. Employees are expected to ensure that various tasks are being given focus and that the business operations function with ease. Thus, employees should be valued and taken care of. Employees with incomparable skills are hard to find and sometimes it takes a lot of resource just to find one. Employees should also be valued for their principles and loyalty to their employer. Without motivation, employees would be less enthusiastic to give their best and would rather be an idler. Motivation or empowerment of staff is crucial for their retention (Computing Research Association, 1999). Without empowerment, staff would feel tha t their employer does not value them. Aims Objectives The main objective of the research is to ascertain the different characteristics of job insecurity and the relationship between the various factors affecting performance of staff. This methodical research is very much centered on identification of these so called factors. The other important feature of the research with regards to performance are also analysed in this research. The following are the other main objectives of the research; What are the main factors affecting the job insecurity towards employees? Do external and internal factors affect job security towards employees? Do the systems processes influence the job insecurity to the employees? Are the staff pleased with the environment of the workplace? Are there any problems with staff retention? Are there any factors which affect the morale in order to improve their motivation? Are there other factors which are leading to this trend in the other organisations? Research Methodology Research Design Brief description This part of the proposal talks about the methods that have been used for the research.  Ã‚  It describes the steps that should be taken in order to complete the study.  Ã‚  There are steps that include the procedure of the collation for the data that is needed in the delivery and completion of the research.  It also presents the approach in which these data will be used and integrated in the study but at the same time, details how the research proceeds to come up with the aims and objectives in order to reach to the final conclusion. In retrospect to the objectives of the study, the latter intends to determine the different aspects of job insecurity for employees. In order to identify the opinions of such employees, the studys methodology was focused on gathering both primary and secondary data through related research literature and the survey as well as interview materials. The immediate research methodology in mind is the descriptive research design.  The research is taken from different data sources that is vital in analysing the level of satisfaction issues associated with job insecurity performance standards for the subject employees. In order to produce relevant findings and provide reliable recommendations, this study uses two sources of research: primary and secondary.  Ã‚  Primary research data is obtained through fresh research study: questionnaire surveys and in-depth interviews. On the other hand, the secondary research data is found from previous studies on the same topic.  In order to come to the main issue of how to gather the necessary data for the research questions and objectives, important layers should be first be stripped. With the said process, the researcher is able to make an outline on what measures are most suitable to be applied in the study. Qualitative or Quantitative Approach The research described is based basically on both qualitative and  quantitative  research methods. This allows a flexible and iterative approach. During data collection, the choice and design of methods are constantly changed, based on ongoing analysis. This allows investigation of important new points and questions as they happen but also permits the researchers to remove unproductive sections of research from the original plan. Basically, quantitative method is compatible with this study because it allows the research problem to be conducted in a very specific and set terms (Frankfort-Nachmias and Nachmias, 1992). Besides, quantitative research clearly and specifically represents both the independent and the dependent variables under investigation (Matveev, 2002). Finally, it achieves high levels of consistency of gathered data due to i.e. controlled observations, mass surveys or other form of research manipulations (Balsley, 1990). The research should be based on surveys and statistical treatments, and therefore the quantitative approach fits well with this. On the other hand qualitative researchers study things in their natural ways, attempting to make sense of, or deduce phenomena in terms of the meanings people bring to them. Accordingly, qualitative researchers arrange a wide range of interrelated methods, hoping always to obtain a better fix on the topic matter at hand.   From this procedure, meaning is produced. However, because views differ with the individual, varied meanings are entirely plausible. With this particular study, the researcher used  both documentary secondary data  in the form of articles from books, journals, magazines and newspapers that are normally about corporate culture and quality service along with survey-based secondary data. Sampling / population The general population consists of staff from several different independent companies. Subjects are also interviewed independently from their HR managers. Respondents are probed for the current status of job insecurity factors among peers and the performance of their organisation. Basically,  Guilford, J.P. and B. Fruchter (1973), initiated that it is advisable to use the Slovins formula in choosing sample sizes, which has been implemented in this instance. The formula is as follows: Where:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  n = a sample size  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   N= population size e= desired margin of error (percent allowance for non-precision because of the use of the sample instead of the population).   Benefits of the research According to a recent report from the Society for Human Resource Management, employees consider benefits and job security as the two of the key aspects that provide overall job satisfaction. Job insecurity has an impact not only for employees but also the performance of the employer and its organisation. Subsequently, it can be said that the research will be both beneficial for companies and employees. We will then be able to distinguish the factors affecting job insecurity and the ensuing solutions and preventative methods to avoid this condition. Furthermore, employees families and other surrounding are affected too as this is due to health problems and imbalance lifestyles. Consequently, the aforementioned families will be part of the beneficiaries as well. Time plan Budget analysis Time of project Human resources- research assistance -field and technical support. Research expenses: printing of tools, Field expenses Meetings/consultations for research Printing of the report Capital- computers/setting up office/software for data analysis Overheads electricity, rent, and so on Expenditure Estimated Cost (Rs) Printing of research proposal 61 Transport expenses 350 Expenses of magazines, books for research. 1500 Binding cost 60 Questionnaire (Quantity = 100) 202 Total cost of 5950

The Role of Media in Society

In the world of today, media has become almost as necessary as food and clothing. It is true that media is playing an outstanding role in strengthening the society. It helps us to know current situations around the world. The media has a strong social and cultural impact upon society. Because of its inherent ability to reach large number of public, it is widely used to convey messages to build public opinion and awareness, its duty is to inform, educate and entertain the people.One of the major duties of media today is to inform the people about the latest happening around them and the world. They cover all the aspects of our interest like weather, politics, war, health, finance, science, fashion, music, etc. The need for more and more news has evolved into creation of dedicated TV & radio channels and magazines. People can listen, watch and read latest news whenever and wherever they want. Media people from television and print takes the risk of their lives to inform us about import ant news.The original idea behind the media was certainly to entertain masses. Media connects us through several mediums. Especially internet has become a need almost for every single individual both for our work and to connect with our friends. Facebook, is a global website where everyone can sign up and have an account. Since 2004 facebook has impacted the world. 80 percent of social media users prefer to connect with brands through Facebook because of its popularity.Roughly, near of 163,071,460 of americans have a facebook account. This is more than the half of the population of the United States Of America. To conclude, media plays a big important role in our society. Though it can cause annoyance for some people, it actually informs us about what it is going on through different mediums. We shouldn? t blame the media because I can assure we all have been involved with it at least once in our life.

Wireless Networks: Free Wireless Access

The availability of free wireless access in local communities with the use of web sites that allows searches for accessibility of wires networks all over the country is the scope of this paper. The paper also provides background information about the experience of having to browse the internet with the use of free wireless access.The paper arrives at a conclusion with a commentary on the issues concerning the movement persuading the government to provide free wireless access to everyone and its possible influences and outcomes, especially to the people and the business sector. It also provides a critical analysis about the notion behind free access, or not having to pay at all, for wireless network connections.Using the three search engines, Wi-Fi Free Spot, JiWire, and HotSpot Locations, the scope of free wireless access providers can be identified. In the United States alone, there are numerous areas, town, cities or states alike, where free wireless access is available.Business es tablishments, such as restaurants, coffee houses, gasoline stations, hotels, movie theaters, etc. provides free wireless access for their customers. Areas that are open to the public, such as public libraries, airports, bus stations, post offices, parks, hospitals, museums, schools and universities, some residential areas, and even beaches, also have free access to wireless networks.Browsing through the World Wide Web with the use of a free wireless network is fast and easy.   Unlike other business establishments who provide subscriptions or payments for the use of their wireless networks, the free wireless access requires no payment at all. Despite the fact that internet usage is free of charge, it also comes with high-speed internet connectivity that would satisfy the requirements of customers who access the internet in these areas.However, accessing the wireless network for free would bring you to electronic billboards packed with numerous advertisements promoting several produ cts and merchandises. Some establishments even advertise their own products over the World Wide Web. For instance, a coffee shop would advertise their most popular or newly launched products while their customer is browsing through the internet, by posting banner advertisements, pop-up windows etc.Well-known brand name producers of personal computers and input devices, mobile phones and personal digital assistants, and such even post banner advertisements to promote their products. I am guessing that these paid advertisements provide for the payment and maintenance of free wireless networks. However, I might be thinking incorrectly.There are numerous wireless operators providing wireless network services in all areas free of charge. The advent of wireless services access began as the use of wireless technologies such as laptops, personal digital assistants, pocket personal computers, and mobile phones has become widespread not just in the country but worldwide. This served as an opp ortunity for business corporations and establishments to gain a new breed of clients, in this case, internet users and clients.The United States government’s policy to provide free wireless access to all was organized by network managements, businessmen and online clients who would want to gain access to the World Wide Web anywhere they go without having to pay anything, and business proprietors alike who were aiming to draw customers to their establishments to help increase their profit.At first, wireless access was offered with due fees that was to be paid by the customer. The free wireless access was implemented right after, when people nationwide asked for free access to networks because of its positive outcomes and benefits.However, providing free wireless access to all harbors certain issues and concerns to the minds of the people. If wireless access is free, then who is paying for it? Business corporations and establishments who advertise through the internet contribut es to free wireless access, however, to base the complimentary access tow wireless networks on paid advertisements is improbable.As city governments over the country are starting to implement the free wireless access to all policy, some people have started second-guessing the concept of free access to wireless networks. Many people say that it is not at all free because the people pay for network access through the taxes they pay to the city government.This issue takes side with the people who do not at all use wireless networks to access the internet. As this is the case, they are obligated to pay for what they are not actually using. However, the benefits of free wireless access to all policy is undeniable, as it is not only available in business establishments but in public areas as well.For instance, providing free network access services in public libraries, educational institutions and universities, and parks, would be beneficial to the learning process of students and the ped agogical techniques of educators. It also organizes and systematizes the life of a community, as it makes communication and provision of services easier. For instance, addressing concerns to the city government is made easier by communicating through the World Wide Web.The other side of free wireless access influences the business sector. As they used to believe that providing free wireless access would allow them to invite people in purchasing their products, it has only done otherwise.To illustrate, coffee shops who provide free wireless access are packed with customers each day, however, it does not hold true that they really purchase products from them. Some people only go to these establishments for the relaxing environment and the free wireless access.ReferencesCisco. (2007). City Government Improves Service and Stimulates Local Economy. RetrievedDecember 6, 2007, from Cisco Systems, Inc. Website: http://www.cisco.com/en/US/netsol/ns621/networking_solutions_customer_profile090 0aecd804654bd.htmlHotSpot Locations: The Wireless Directory. (2007). Retrieved December 6, 2007, from Hotspot-Locations. Website: http://www.hotspot-locations.com/JiWire. (2007). Retrieved December 6, 2007, from JiWire, Inc. Website:http://www.jiwire.com/search-hotspot-locations.htmSeltzer, L. (2005). Wireless Access: The Next Great Municipal Crisis. Retrieved December 6,2007, from Ziff Davis Enterprise, Inc. Website: HotSpot Locations: The Wireless Directory. (2007). Retrieved December 6, 2007, from Hotspot-Locations. Website: http://www.hotspot-locations.com/Wi-Fi Free Spot: The Wi-Fi-Freespot Directory. (2007). Retrieved December 6, 2007, from Wi-Fi-Freespot Directory. Website: http://www.wififreespot.com/

Essay on Pros and Cons of E-Commerce - 556 Words

Pros and Cons of E-Commerce nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Electronic commerce or e-commerce involves the buying and selling of products or services over the internet. Put simply, e-commerce means conducting business online. E-commerce software programs run the main functions of an e-commerce web site, including product display, online ordering, and inventory management. This software resides on a commerce server and works in conjunction with online payment systems to process payments. E-Commerce can help a small business off to a great start or can make it fizzle into bankruptsy. It can have a positive and negitive impact on the success of a small business. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;There are many pros to e-commerce. One factor is†¦show more content†¦These are a few of the major factors that can make e-commerce the right thing for a small business. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Though not all parts of e-commerce can make a small business soar to the Fortune 500. There are some cons to using e-commerce as an small business endeavor. One major con is the failure to understand the customers and why and how they buy. Retailers who do not understand customer habits, expectations, and motivations can have trouble selling a sound value product. Failure to co-ordinate is yet another con. If existing reporting and control relationships do not suffice, one can move towards a flat, accountable, and flexible structure, which may or may not aid co-ordination. Failure to obtain senior management commitment can often result in a failure to gain sufficient corporate resources to accomplish a task. It helps to get top management involved right from the start. Failure to obtain employee commitment will occur if planners do not explain their strategy well to employees, or fail to give employees the whole picture, then training and setting up incentive s for workers to embrace the strategy may assist. Under-estimation of time requirements is another con of e-commerce. Setting up an e-commerce venture can take considerable time and money, and failure to understand the timing and sequencing of tasks can lead to significant cost overruns. Profitability may have to wait for theShow MoreRelatedPros and Con E Commerce Essay3852 Words   |  16 PagesPros and Cons of E-Commerce â€Å"The web is the ultimate customer empowering environment. He or She who clicks the mouse gets to decide everything. It is so easy to go elsewhere; all the competitors in the world are but a mouse click away.† Jacob Nielsen, Designing Web Usability. There are many Pros and Cons when it comes to e- commerce. The use of the internet e commerce has grown drastically in recent years. E commerce is the buying and selling of goods and services on the internet. 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