Compare and contrast the three poems exploring the image each poet gives to pre-1900 London Essay

The three poems ‘Conveyancing,’ ‘Composed Upon West-Minister Bridge, September 3rd, 1820,’ and ‘London’ give an image and they show a diverse view of Pre-1900 London. All three poems are written by male poets, they use various techniques, style and imagery, that give different effects to the reader. 3 POEMS The first poem is ‘Conveyancing’ and is written by Thomas Hood; it’s about the movement from one place to another by using different vehicles such as Gurneys, hackney carriages and horse drawn caravans, which were used in the Victorian times. He says that the horse’s work is done by the powers of attorney. This poem shows humour and lighthearted jokes. An example of this would be cab-age; here the poet uses this so that it rhymes with Queen Mab age. Also he uses this as to make a mockery of the word cabbage, while referring to the age or era of the cab. The poet picks out words and phrases from Shakespeare’s plays such as Queen Mab who is a character from ‘Romeo and Juliet,’ she is the Queen of fairies and causes mischief that rides in a carriage made of nutshells. Also he uses a phrase ‘The world a sage has call’d a stage’ he refers to this as the ‘sage’ being Shakespeare the wise man and he said life was a stage on which we all performed. He writes about how there are loads of people in London and that everyone loves London. He uses the word Loco-motion to slow the rhyme down. He talks about an unknown character Jarvis and a man named Malthus who wanted to control the population. He describes them by showing their character through many ways by rhyming and by emphasising the words. He quotes a line from a silly little song and he doesn’t want be caught on a journey with boring people. If a handkerchief was taken from the side of your trousers and u didn’t notice till ages, you wouldn’t be able to see who took your handkerchief because there was so much traffic going past. The poet’s attitude to the poem is that, he tries to make the poem cheerful by rhyming and emphasis. He uses false rhyme such as cab-age and dickey, which is slang term for yucky! It’s a witty poem with a lot of merry jokes. Stanzas put the structure of the poem together, which gives a good impact on the reader because it’s such a long poem and it’s easier to read. The poem is observational and full of detail because, he describes all the different types of transport, names of shops and the different characters. Reference to the songs, which are written in irregular verses, allows him to use irregular voices and rhymes. London is a very busy city; therefore there are many places and objects for the poet to express. The second poem is ‘Composed Upon West-Minister Bridge†¦.’ which is written by William Wordsworth; this poem is about how the atmosphere around London and how it differs from the early morning to the late afternoon. In the morning the atmosphere is clean and steady whereas in the afternoon it’s smoky and cloudy. He writes about how he admires the view of London and how people are missing out on this magnificent view of the day. If you didn’t see this view, it would show that you’re insensitive, you had no feelings and you were dull. He describes this view as powerful and grand and calls it ‘its majesty,’ he says this just because it rhymes with ‘pass by,’ which is on the line above this. He is so high up that he can see all the skylines and he can see the horizon of the countryside. As the sun rises, you can see the sun lighting up the city. He has a feeling of calmness by watching this sight of awe. There are no people moving because it’s so early in the morning and the town is still. The poet’s tone is that he has a positive attitude about London. He is in high spirits when seeing this wonderful view so early in the morning of London. He believes that this is the most beautiful place to be on Earth at this very moment. He also assumes that if you haven’t seen this view then you haven’t got no spirit in you at all, because you are missing out on such a sight. He puts his message across by being very affirmative and putting a grudge against the people who haven’t seen this sight. He expresses himself through his awe of the view. His choices of words are very vivid and vibrant. He uses similes and a lot of personification, to describe this city. There’s no humour in the poem but a lot of detailed expressions. Rhymes are used to make the poem more appealing in order to maintain the rhythm. The formation of this poem is in the form of a sonnet. London is a very beautiful place and nothing on Earth is more beautiful than this morning. The final poem is called ‘London’ and is written by William Blake; this poem is about fears, and gives a darker view of London at that time. It talks about how people are affected by the plague of poverty and how little children are sent up chimneys to clean them. Also, how the people are mentally and physically trapped because there’s so much grime and dirt. He writes about the harsh conditions that drag everyone down and how the prostitutes would regularly give birth. All the people are miserable and they are trapped in an environment of gloom. How in every voice you hear the cry of fear. He writes about the psychological handcuffs that restrict you. Now that soldiers have returned they risk death everyday. When you get married it is the happiest day of your life and the atmosphere around you is blissful, whereas in this poem the poet describes the poem as being a funeral carriage. Even though there is a wedding it feels like a funeral and people are still in fe ar. The poverty has increased immensely. The people’s expressions are described as sad, mournful and sombre. The poet’s attitude to this poem is distressing; he doesn’t look on the positive of ‘London’ but on the negative side. He writes about how the people have caught the plague and how everyone is miserable. The mood of the poem is dull and wretched; it has no life to it. It feels like the life has been taken away and been replaced by the plague. His choices of words are old fashioned; he uses words like ‘harlots’ ‘blights’ and ‘manacles.’ Similes, personification and metaphors aren’t used. The only imagery used is rhyme, which I believe makes the poem even drearier. The construction of the poem is in stanzas; this is to separate the poem up. Because the plague has spread everywhere and ruined peoples lives there’s isn’t a social area of this poem. The historical and cultural contexts tell us that in the Victorian epoch, the children were the chimneysweepers because they were little enough to get up there, this was also cruelty to the children as this was their child labour. Also, contraception wasn’t available, prostitutes were giving birth frequently. Back then it was more of a manufacturing era; therefore there was a lot of smoke and filth in the atmosphere. This caused the churches to turn black. I believe that, Blake sees nothing to admire except hardship and suffering. COMPARE AND CONTRAST ‘Conveyancing’ and ‘Composed Upon West-Minister Bridge†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ show a comparison by giving a positive attitude towards London. ‘Conveyancing’ talks about the movement of different transportations and ‘Composed Upon West Minister Bridge†¦.’ talks about the beautifulness of the still city in the morning. Both the poems are written in full detail, ‘Conveyancing’ has a lot of rhyming, emphasis, rhythm and has a lot of humour. There is a lot of action and deeds. Also in this poem, it talks about how there is a lot of traffic and noise. The poem is split up in stanzas so it’s straightforward to read. Many old- fashioned words and phrases are used to indicate the type of language used. Humour and light-hearted jokes are used to highlight the poem, so it’s more amusing to read. It’s observational and imaginable, so that it’s easy to understand. This poem is a contrast to ‘Composed Upon West Minister Bridge†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ by the way in which the linguistics have been used. There is a lot of personification, rhythm and similes. The atmosphere is calm, serene and cool. The poem talks about the glorious view of London in the morning and how there are no people moving around. All the houses are asleep. Also how the sun lightens the city with its superb shine. There’s no action in this poem but the poet is still observing. The atmosphere is calmer, whereas in the first poem there is a lot of traffic and hustling. ‘Conveyancing’ and ‘London’ show a contrast. ‘Conveyancing,’ talks about the different types of transport and the action happening in London. ‘London’ shows the darker side of the city and of how people’s lives have changed because of the poverty. The poet writes a lot about fear, woe and tears, whereas in ‘Conveyancing’ the poet uses witty and humorous jokes. This poem is very mournful, but in ‘Conveyancing’ the poem is light-hearted. In ‘Conveyancing’ a lot of imagery is used. A lot of imagery is used in ‘London’ as well because of the restricted manacles and the children crying. ‘Composed Upon West Minister Bridge†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ and ‘London’ is another contrast. ‘Composed Upon West Minister Bridge†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ talks about a bright atmosphere whereas ‘London’ writes about a dull atmosphere. ‘Composed Upon West Minister Bridge†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ talks about how the sunrises and lightens the city, whereas in ‘London’ if the sun-rose there still wouldn’t be any joy in the city because of the spread of the plague. In both ‘Composed Upon West Minister Bridge†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ and ‘London,’ both poets use Imagery, expressing good and ghastly language. MY FAVOURITE Out of all the three poems, I have read and looked at, I would say that my preferred poem would have to be ‘Composed Upon West-Minister Bridge†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ This is because the poem shows a calmer tone and a positive mood about London. The poem is written out and structured in a sonnet; therefore, it’s not too long and it’s concise. The poet uses a lot of linguistic imagery, which makes the poem more interesting. If I had to describe this poem, I would say that it as very, vivid and vibrant. The way the poet describes this poem is exalted. He uses personification to describe London in detail, rhyme to keep up the rhythm and he uses simile to compare London to beautiful garments. I especially liked this poem as the mood is subtle and has a tranquil atmosphere. Although there isn’t any humour, you can still imagine this awed view that Wordsworth portrays. I believe that this was the only poem where the poet expressed his feelings in full detail by using diff erent types of linguistic features on his view of London

Feasibility of putting up vegan restaurant Essay

INTRODUCTION This chapter presents the business profile and general description of vegan restaurants, which fall under the consumer foodservice industry. This chapter includes the background of the study, rationale of the study, objective of the study, scope and limitation, significance of the study, research methodology, research design, and locale of the study, data gathering tool, data gathering procedure and the definition of terms. 1.1 Background of the study Vegan was termed in England in 1944 by Donald Watson which means â€Å"non-dairy Vegetarian†. It opposed the use of eggs as a food. Later, the definition of vegan was extended and it means that â€Å"man should live without exploiting animals†. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veganism.) Cafà © is an establishment that focuses on serving coffee. It may refer to an informal restaurant, offering a range of hot meals and made-to-order sandwiches. â€Å"Cafà ©Ã¢â‚¬  is a French word which means coffee. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caf%C3%A9.) People give extra importance when it comes to health. One of its reasons is the sudden existence of many diseases that threatens the lives of the people. Obviously, when we talk about health, it always entails a healthy diet. Eating Vegetables and fruits is the best thing we know how to prevent such life ominous diseases because of its vitamins and mineral content with the absence of bad cholesterol. According to the 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans, a report issued by the U.S. Department of Agriculture and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, a vegetarian diet is associated with lower levels of obesity and reduced risk of cardiovascular disease. There are varieties of restaurants registered here in General Santos City and most of the foods offered in these restaurants are meat and animal products. To make a variation and since there is a rapid growth of health and beauty conscious people, the researchers aim to provide an exceptional and accommodative vegan restaurant with cafà © for the people who need a place for chatting, to  make transactions and other personal activities. With its extraordinary structure and location, food lovers especially vegetarians might find it a good place to unwind, socialize and experience eating in a vegan way with a Pinoy touch. This proposed vegan restaurant will be the first vegetarian restaurant in General Santos City. Since it is vegan, it serves vegetable cuisine and plant products like beverages from fruit extracts and pasta with the recipe culture of Chinese, Japanese, Korean and Italian that serves as the asset from the competitors. It also has a cafà © that could make an edge among other restaurant. The place is a Wi-Fi hot spot and a Zen style ambiance which makes customers feel relaxed while eating or staying inside. Special room for conference meetings and other events is also offered. 1.2 Statement of the Problem The researchers will aim to determine the feasibility of putting up a vegan restaurant in San Miguel Street, General Santos City. Specifically, this study has the following objectives: a) To present the business descriptions of the existing restaurants in terms of their: a.1) products and services a.2) major players in the industry a.3) capacity of the industry a.4) key success factors a.5) the market a.6) the government role b) To conduct a structural analysis of Vegan Restaurant with cafà © in General Santos City b.1) Threats of Potential Entrants b.2) Threats of Substitutes b.3) Bargaining power of the suppliers b.4) Bargaining power of the customers b.5) Competition in the Industry c) To determine the feasibility of putting up a vegan restaurant with cafà © in General Santos City considering the following aspect: c.1) Management and organizational; c.2) Marketing c.3) Technical c.4) Financial 1.3 Specific Objectives This refers to the specific objectives of this study which will comprise of the management organization, the technical production, the marketing aspect, the financial study, and the social significance. 1.3.1 Management and Organization This aspect includes the form of business organization, organizational structure, personal qualifications, duties, and responsibilities and personnel salary structure. 1.3.2 Technical and Production It deals with the equipment and facilities needed in the vegan restaurant and its operation. It also deals with the architectural design of the restaurant. 1.3.3 Marketing Aspect It focuses on the trends, the competition, target market and the size of the market. Also it presents the design and implementation of the marketing activities of the vegan restaurant. 1.3.4 Financial Study It determines the operating cash requirements, cash flow, the financial statements and the financial analysis; and also, it provides the viability of the project. 1.3.5 Social Significance It focuses on the impact of the society and the economy. 1.4 Significance of the Study The business â€Å"Greens N’ Coffee† vegan restaurant is socially significant since it would create income, development, additional leisure, and improvement and therefore, progress. Basically, vegan restaurant is an income generating activity, for the exchange of output of money, since any businesses’ concern is profitability. The following beneficiaries of the study were identified by the researchers: To the public, that they may  appreciate the health benefits that will be offered by the vegan restaurant. To the Generals who are seeking for employment, they may be able to find jobs in which they can generate income to support them in their daily lives. To the future restaurant owners who are planning to put up a vegan restaurant, that they may be able to have a new perspective on the design and strategies essential to the effectiveness, stability and productivity of the business. To the local Government of General Santos City, for they can obtain taxes and other income from this business that they can use once the study is proven feasible To the future researchers, they may be able to use this as their reference for future studies regarding on vegan restaurants. 1.5 Scope and Limitation This study aims to determine the feasibility of putting up a vegan restaurant with cafà © in San Miguel Street, General Santos City. The respondents of this study will only be limited to the restaurants in General Santos City. This study discusses the management and organization aspects, technical and production aspects, marketing aspects, financial study aspects and social significance aspects of the industry. This research study will be conducted in the months of July to September 2011 within the locality of General Santos City. The researchers will choose 4 players of the restaurant industry registered at the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) of the city. The researchers will be interviewing 4 managers or supervisors from the said members of the restaurant industry. 1.5 Research Design and Methodology This refers to the research method, the respondents of the study, the locale of the study, the research instrument that will be used for this study, and the data gathering procedure. 1.6.1 Research Method In this study, a descriptive method of research will be used which will deal with information that can be easily understood, while the process of this goes beyond mere gathering and tabulation of data. It involves the elements of interpretation of the meaning or significance of what is described. See figure 1 for the research flow. 1.6.2 Respondents The respondents of this study are the managers, and assistant managers of the Grab A Crab Restaurant, Ranchero Restaurant, Taps N’ Mix, and Dimsum Diner in General Santos City. 1.6.3 Locale of the Study This business will be located at San Miguel Street, Lagao, General Santos City. The city is the southernmost port city of the Republic of the Philippines. It is one of the most populous urban centres in the country with a population of 530,129 as per data of 2007 census (http://www.census.gov.ph/data/census2007/index.html). GenSan is bounded by municipalities of Sarangani Province namely Alabel in the East of the city, and Maasim in the South. General Santos City is a component of province South Cotabato. 1.6.4 Research Instrument The researchers will be using a primary and a secondary instrument as a research tool in order to acquire information from the respondents. An interview guide will be used as the primary instrument. The sources of the primary data are the managers, supervisors or representatives of the restaurant in General Santos City. The interview guide which will be used to gather data from the members of the industry consists of questions regarding the management and organizational, technical, marketing and financial aspects of the restaurant industry. This type of gathering tool will most probably benefit this study. Along with this, observation will also be used to collect further information which will be helpful in conducting the study. The secondary tools that the researchers will apply are the library resources, internet data, periodicals, published and unpublished materials. 1.6.5 Data Gathering Procedure The researchers will make preliminary visitations to the location of the four (4) major players of the restaurant industry. Letters of permission will be sent to the respondents and eventually approvals are expected as a response. After a positive response, there will be a planned interview with the managers, supervisors, or representatives from the respondents. Afterwards, data will be gathered, classified and interpreted with respect to the objectives of this study.

Research Paper on Plato Essay

Abstract Many Philosophers made a difference in society but Plato is perhaps recognized as the most famous. His writings have had a profound effect on people, politics, and the philosophy throughout the centuries. He was a public figure and he made major contributions to society. Plato helped to lay the philosophical foundations of modern culture through his ideas and writings. One of the most philosophical thinkers of Western civilization, Plato is the only author from ancient Greek times whose writings survive intact. His collection consists of thirty-five dialogues and thirteen letters, though the authorship of some is contested. Plato was born in Athens, into a prosperous aristocratic family. His Father’s name was Ariston and his Mother’s name was Perictione. His relative named Glaucon was one of the best-known members of the Athenian nobility. Plato’s name was Aristocles, his nickname Plato originates from wrestling circles, Plato means broad, and it probably refers either to his physical appearance or his wrestling style. â€Å"Plato is, by any reckoning, one of the most dazzling writers in the Western literary tradition and one of the most penetrating, wide-ranging, and influential authors in the history of philosophy,† (Kraut, 2009). Plato was born during the Golden Age of Athens’s which saw the birth of classical architecture, drama, arts and politics. However, as he was growing up he observed the decline of Athens as a cultural center. He witnessed instances of cruelty, disloyalty, and dishonesty and it was in clear violation of his values. It was also during this time that Plato fell under the influence of Socrates, who engaged the people of Athens in philosophical discussions. â€Å"It was into this bright, sly, worldly atmosphere that Socrates appeared, moving questioningly about the streets of Athens†. (Plato 1984). In 339 Socrates was brought to trial and charged with having false Gods and corrupting the youth. Socrates was found guilty on the charge and was sentenced to death. The execution of Socrates weighed heavily on Plato and he turned away from politics, he thought the behavior of the courts was unjust. He decided not to get involved in political life, instead he decided to leave Athens with other friends of Socrates to travel and study. During his travels he met with all kinds of people and studied not only philosophy but geometry, astronomy, and religious teachings. Socrates was extremely influential to Plato and he was the main character in numerous writings, he was also influenced by Heraclitus, Parmenides, and the Pythagoreans. One of the most important goals Plato set for himself was to keep the memory of Socrates alive by recording and bringing about the kind of impact that Socrates had on people. Nearly all of Plato’s work takes the structure of dialogues in which Socrates is usually the main character. One of the goals of a Plato’s dialogue is to engross the reader in philosophical questions related to the ideas being discussed. The Socrates of the Platonic dialogues is modeled after the real Socrates but it is in part an imaginary character used to impart Platonic themes. Plato’s dialogues are divided into three groups, the early or Socratic dialogues; the dialogues of middle age; and the dialogues of old age. In the early dialogues, Socrates is the main character, but it is generally believed that Plato is expressing his own views. These are the only remaining dialogues of Socrates teachings hence; they are referred to as the Socratic dialogues. In The Apology Socrates was accused of having false gods and corrupting the youth. While on trial Socrates claimed that he was innocent and was not at all wise, â€Å"Men of Athens, I honor and love you; but I shall obey God rather than you, and while I have life and strength I shall never cease from the practice and teaching of philosophy†¦ Understand that I shall never alter my ways, not even if I have to die many times. † (Plato 1984). Middle Dialogues During Plato’s middle period he wrote the following, Meno, Republic, Euthydemus, Menexenus, Cratylus, Phaedrus, Symposium and Phaedo. The most important difference between these writings and his earlier works is that he is establishing his own voice in philosophy. In the Meno Plato introduces us to the Socratic idea that no one knowingly does wrong, â€Å"Virtue is the desire of things honourable and the power of attaining them. † Plato (1984). In the Phaedo we become familiar with the platonic doctrine of the Forms; this is where Plato makes a claim as to the immortality of the soul. Plato’s most influential work, The Republic, is part of the middle dialogues. It is a discussion of the virtues of justice, courage and wisdom. It addresses the question of how do humans approach living a good life. The dialogue finishes by looking at various forms of government and describing the ideal state. The allegory of the â€Å"Myth of the Cave† is also in The Republic it is an important writing because it contains the main points of his philosophy. It is intended to be a metaphor for education and it explains issues regarding the theory of knowledge. Plato believed one must explore the belief that a greater reality exists. It is through this belief that a person can gain greater insight into true reality and become enlightened. Without it we are like the prisoners of a cave who only see the shadows of objects and live in complete darkness. â€Å"And now, I said, let me show in a figure how far our nature is enlightened or unenlightened, behold! Human beings living in an underground den† (Plato 1927). It is only through philosophy that we can come out of the cave into the true world. â€Å"Who is best suited to rule the state – lovers of opinion or â€Å"true philosophers†? (Plato 1927) His final years at the Academy he wrote the later dialogues which included the Parmenides, Theatetus, Sophist, Statesmas, Timaeus, Critias, Philebus, and Laws. It should be noted that Socrates has a minor role in these writings. Plato examines his metaphysical theories through these dialogues. He discusses art, dance, music, poetry, drama, and ethics in connection to immortality and the mind. He also dedicates himself to the philosophy of mathematics, politics and religion. Plato argued that women were qualified to play a role in politics and philosophy. In The Republic, Socrates argued that women were as capable as men in pursuit of accomplishments. There is a suggestion that women should be educated for their roles in the class of guardians and possibly work next to men. A woman’s role could be significant in society, but different from a man’s role. Even though Plato believed that women were necessary in a working society, he did not mean he thought women were equals of men. Plato thought that women lacked the strength of men and that women were more suited for other responsibilities in life. â€Å"If women are expected to do the same work as men, we must teach them the same things. † (Plato 1927) The impact of Plato’s work cannot be measured or calculated. His writings had great influence on the entire intellectual development of Western civilization. Despite the fact that Plato did not leave a well-formed, rigid philosophical system he is considered the father for all forms of philosophical idealism and dualism. â€Å"The object of education is to teach us to love what is beautiful. † (Plato 1984). After he died the Academy continued until AD 529, when it was closed due to its pagan teachings. Neo-Platonism, founded by the 3rd-century philosopher Plotinus, was an important development of Platonism. It was a philosophical system which was as a combination of Platonic, Pythagorean, and Aristotelian elements. Originally it was opposed to Christianity but later on it integrated it. It dominated European thought until the 13th century and re-emerged during the Renaissance. The most important Renaissance Neo-Platonist was â€Å"Marsilio Ficino† who developed significant ideas from Plato and Neo-Platonism. Ficino founded of the Academy in Firenze and was responsible for the circulation of Neo-Platonic ideas. Ficino is credited with translating all of Platos’ dialogues into Latin and produced a great work called Platonic Theology, in which he outlines Neo-Platonism. His philosophy is based on the doctrine that the human soul is the center of the cosmos. It is the only thing that sits between the world of ideas and the world is the soul. Neo-Platonism was revived in the 17th century by the Cambridge Platonists such as Cudworth and Smith. The school stressed the importance of reason, maintaining that faith and reason are not that different. Rene Descartes an 18th century philosopher and Neo-Platonist developed a method to achieve truths. If something is not recognized by the intellect or reason can be classified as knowledge. According to Descartes. These truths are gained â€Å"without any sensory experience† (Descartes). He argued that as a result of his method, reason alone determined knowledge and that this could be done independently of the senses. â€Å"Cogito ergo sum, I think therefore I exist† (Descartes) Plato developed an absolutist ethical theory which is that there is a greater good toward which to aspire. He developed this theory to respond to the skepticism and the beliefs of the Sophists who Plato felt did not preach wisdom, but rather their opinions. Plato tried to protect the part of reasoning in human life though he had resistance from the ancient Greek preachers know as the Sophists. They came from different cities and proclaimed that they were able to impart knowledge to young men how to live prosperous lives. Even though the Sophists did not belong to a school and did not have a common creed, some opinions were typical of them as a group and were absolutely conflicting to the views of Plato. The Sophists were great communicators and skilled public speakers. Plato felt that the Sophists were more likely to appeal to emotions rather than to reason. According to Plato philosophers influence people’s souls not their bodies and Plato agreed with Socrates in thinking that the nurturing of the soul is more vital than the nurturing of the body. Furthermore, he also believed that true leaders need to have wisdom, and knowledge. Plato’s influence has been monumental as one philosopher said the history of philosophy is simply â€Å"a series of footnotes to Plato. † (Whitehead) Plato’s has been criticized down through the centuries for his philosophy of the forms. His ideas of the just life and an ideal state are complex. Plato tended to specifically ignores much of human nature. Plato did not think in the realm of the physical world, he was always looking to a different one where things exist only if he can prove there existence. References Kraut, R. (2009, Sept) Plato Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Retrieved from http://plato. stanford. edu/entries/plato; Plato. (1984) Great dialogues of Plato New York: Mentor Books trans. by Benjamin Jowett Blackburn, S. (1945) The republic of Plato. (45 ed. ). London: Oxford University Press, USA. trans. By Desmond Lee Descartes. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Retrieved from http://plato. stanford. edu/entries/descartes-works; Alfred North Whitehead. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Retrieved from http://plato. stanford. edu/entries/whitehead/

Statistics in Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Statistics in Business - Essay Example ii. Inferential statistics is the second type that deals with the collection of samples from a large statistical set of data and deducing general conclusions. Therefore, descriptive statistics summarizes business data while inferential statistics computes the same information in the form of representative samples. i. Nominal statistics. It is the categorical discrete data for example names that represent the units being measured. In business such names may include examples like the types of cars being sold or the organizational department involved in a particular transaction ii. Ordinal or Rank. Refers to the ordering or ranking of the quantities being measured. A business empire may choose to rate its departments in a particular order of merit when conducting statistical analysis iii. Interval data. It is similar to ordinal in terms of ranking except for the fact the intervals between statistical values are split on an equal basis. Financial information appertaining to a business can be split orderly to create equal intervals to aid in statistical analysis iv. Ratios. Show statistical relationships between various sets of data. Therefore, comparison of financial and other statistical business information is made possible. Examples of business ratios are liquidity, profitability and efficiency Statistics gives a scope of the market and enable the managing body of a business to plan appropriately for the customers. When statistical analysis is conducted on a representative sample of customers, the process becomes cost-effective because not every customer has to be involved. Therefore, the organization is able to formulate a cost-effective financial plan in relation to the target market. Leaders in business organizations make vital decisions for the business. Such decisions should be supported by an accurate and substantive basis. Statistical

Topic in Instruction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Topic in Instruction - Essay Example In order to do this kind of advertising practices cowgirl has to link their company website to the mentioned search engines. The behavior of consumer is changing rapidly in this modern era of globalization. After the Second World War due to globalization the attraction of people is changing towards the advanced technology. Moreover by the website advertising strategy company can target a mass number of customers. This strategy will lower the advertising cost of the products of cowgirl chocolate as the company has to invest lees in this total page of commercial than the print media marketing (Ferrell and Hartline, 2010, p.153). The real fact is that many customers are linked by the internet while the readers of magazines are in limited numbers. In terms of product packaging strategy, company need not look for the creativity or artistic to pack the products. The quality of food product can do the appropriate market segmentation. Cowgirl chocolate should look for the suppliers who will supply the packaging raw material at a lower price. These two aspects can increase the profitability of the organization. Demand-based Pricing The major competency of cowgirl chocolate is that they launched chocolate products with a kick of little spiciness. Moreover the strategy will help cowgirl chocolate to expand their business market by creating various products that can attract the people of both old and new generation. It has seen from the case that their specialty regarding all the food products is on the top but people tend to buy the low price chocolate products than the expensive one. Due to different pricing of different products, customer can actually go for the better priced product. The new products like sweet chocolates are being used to appeal people to buy the products. As a result people can go for the sweet chocolates than the others due to variety of price level. When a product has higher demand then it is easy to decide when and how to increase the price of the product but when a product’s demand is decreasing then it is a tough task to do the pricing of that particular product (Stretton, 1999, p.153). They can take some strategies like customer feedback which can help cowgirl chocolates to do the market segmentation and the pricing strategies. Competition-based Pricing There are very few chocolate companies who are competitor of cowgirl chocolate. Cowgirl chocolate competes with the competitors to achieve the self-space at various retail outlets. In order to discuss the merits of competition-based pricing it is very much necessary to find who the competitors of the company are and what are the competitive advantages the company has? The advantage as well as the limitation of cowgirl chocolate has the pricing strategy due to various product lines. Cowgirl chocolate is facing the major competition from the sweet chocolate producing companies. The competitive advantages of cowgirl chocolate are attractive packaging and exceptional ta ste of products. Answer 2 Merlyn took an attempt to place her chocolates in the retail houses and got success by this attempt. However, the problem arises when cowgirl chocolate was unable to cut down the operational cost. As per as pricing, Cowgirl chocolate may consider four pricing strategies such as Promotional Pricing, Demand-based Pricing, Premium Pricing and Price lining. Cowgirl chocolate has adopted demand based pricing strategy as per different products. They

Heavy Smoking Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Heavy Smoking - Assignment Example This chronic condition makes breathing complicated to the victims or the patients. The forms of COPD can involve either lasting coughing with mucus or damage of the lungs over a given period. Exposure to air pollution and stuffy places like bars and bus stations, especially by the older people, for long hours or years can increase the prevalence of the disease in the body. Although the disease can be diagnosed and preventable by qualified doctors, the causes, prognosis, consequential requirements and social life of the victims might be at risks if not avoided at initial stages. Exposure to harmful fumes Mr. L, a bartender, suffers from the condition because he has been exposed to this situation for 40 years. Firstly, despite Mr. L being a heavy smoker, he also works in a bar where patrons smoke at all the times exposing his health to even greater healthy risks. At age 55, the lungs cannot fight the chronic damage caused through engulfing of the respiratory organs. This is further inf luenced by the air pollution created at the bus terminus by the city buses that he commutes in on a daily basis. The difficulty experienced when he walked past the three blocks is because he used respiratory gases at high rates of breathing, which caused the dilapidated walls of the lung to become narrow. This makes the situation challenging to Mr. L to access enough energy that can enable him walk on the dusty blocks. This, therefore, results from the excess unpurified air that he inhales from the bus terminus through to the dusty blocks and finally the smoke particles consumed from the cigarettes. The combination of the different unpurified gases accumulate in the lungs causing difficulty in breathing and insufficient supply of energy and gases to the heart, which leads to fatigue prompting him to rest (Falvo, 2009). Causes, incidence, and risk factors Smoking is the primary cause of COPD to Mr. L. The further the individual smoked, the more he developed COPD. However, some indivi duals smoke for years and never acquire COPD. In exceptional cases, nonsmokers who are exposed to smoking conditions and lack a protein called alpha-1 antitrypsin can also acquire the disease. Additionally, contact to certain combination of gases or fumes in the workplace such as bars and industrial places are risky. Exposure to grave amounts of secondhand smoke and toxic waste also increased the disease. Lastly, recurrent use of cooking fire with no appropriate ventilation makes the gases to cover the room, which the cook will inhale while in that kitchen (Falvo, 2009). Signs and Symptoms COPD condition is indicated by constant cough, with or without mucus, fatigue (that occasioned Mr. L to rest near the three blocks), multiple respiratory illnesses, and shortness of breath (dyspnea) that gets terrible with mild activity or difficulty catching one's gulp of air and panting. The symptoms of COPD develop gradually; some people might not recognize that they are sick. Expectations (pro gnosis) COPD is a lasting (chronic) illness. The infection will get dreadful more rapidly if one does not quit smoking. Victims with severe COPD may be short of breath with nearly all activities and might be hospitalized more regularly. These patients ought to consult qualified doctors about breathing equipment and end-of-life care (Falvo, 2009). Treatment In order for Mr. L to remain in his career, he should adopt preventive measures such as persons with COPD have to stop smoking. This is the finest way to slow down the lung destruction. However, medication alternatives can also be applied to treat COPD, for instance, use of inhalers (bronchodilators) to unlock the airways, such as ipratropium (Atrovent) and albuterol. The patient can also

How can Bilingualism socially and cognitively benefit children Research Paper

How can Bilingualism socially and cognitively benefit children - Research Paper Example Bilingualism has always been a favorite subject of researchers, educators and policy makers in aspects of the social, cognitive, developmental and learning capabilities that are affected by the bilingual abilities of an individual. It had long been considered by many scholars that bilingualism serves as a barrier to the learning abilities and literacy development of children. They had believed for a long time that bilingualism served as a hindrance and children who were monolingual showed better development and learning abilities as compared to the bilinguals. However, the opinions regarding bilingualism have changed drastically as compared to the notions and myths that prevailed throughout most of the 20th century (Bhattacharjee 2012). Although the brain has to handle both the languages and it might obstruct the development of one lingual capability as compared to other, but the researchers are bringing out the positive picture of this scenario. It is popularly believed now that bil ingualism promotes the cognitive function of children and also enhances their social capabilities in various aspects. Bilingualism is a norm around the world and millions of people are familiar with more than one language and also use them in their everyday lives. However, as mentioned earlier, bilingualism has been associated with lack of learning abilities and lagging behind as compared to the monolinguals. Skills like music and mathematics are considered to strengthen the brain’s function and learning abilities, however, language is considered as something â€Å"that occupies mental space† (Ng & Wigglesworth 2007). It had been considered that the brain only has a finite amount of space for the languages and too much acquisition with various languages causes confusion, lagging behind and slow learning abilities. It was considered that bilingualism has detrimental effects on cognitive abilities of children.

Criminology theory (explain how conflict theory accounts for criminal Essay

Criminology theory (explain how conflict theory accounts for criminal behavior) See instruction - Essay Example (FSU) All the while the lawful privileges of poor people may be overlooked. (FSU)The white collar classes are likewise co-picked; they agree with the elites rather the poor, supposing they may themselves ascent to the top by supporting existing conditions. (FSU) In this manner, street crimes, even minor financial ones are routinely rebuffed and dealt with extreme punishment, while big financial as well as business wrongdoings are dealt with considerably much more permissively. (FSU) Burglary of a TV may accept a more drawn out sentence than taking millions through illicit business hones. William Chambliss, in a fantastic article The Saints and the Roughnecks analyzed the conclusions for two gatherings of juvenile misbehavers. (FSU)The main, a more level class gathering of young men, was nagged by the neighborhood police and named by instructors as delinquents and future criminals, while the upper-working class young men were similarly degenerate, yet their activities were composed off as energetic indiscretions and taking in encounters. (FSU) Various different mixtures of conflict theory have showed up since the 1960s. These incorporate radical feminism, left realism and peacemaking criminology. The last two are endeavors to tone down a portion of the talk, and present a more adjusted methodology. (FSU) Radical feminism concentrates on the predicament of ladies under free enterprise. Male command has been the standard, and ladies have been liable to it in the home and working environment, and in addition in the city. Radical womens activist criminologists have taken a gander at the vile medicine of female teenagers, who are substantially all the more as often as possible subject to regulation for status offense violations (offenses that would not be criminal if a grown-up, for example, fleeing from home, and especially singled out for sexual abnormality. While far from home or work alone, ladies

Research Analysis Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Analysis - Research Paper Example Jones also participates in television commercials where he speaks basic Mandarin-language phrases. It’s noted that in large part this constitutes Li Ning’s attempts to keep pace with Nike, as Nike plans to unveil a shoe that is exclusive to China and is endorsed by basketball star Lebron James. In addition, Adidas AG’s Reebok has a long-term endorsement deal with basketball star Yao Ming. The main strategic understanding is that Li Ning isn’t attempting to take over the American market, but to take back the Chinese market from Western competition. The Chinese market is regarded as very interested in basketball and in gaining a competitive foothold in athletic products it’s necessary to do so through basketball marketing. The reason Jones was chosen was because more prominent National Basketball Association stars already had shoe deals, so the Chinese research ultimately led them to Jones. The slogan for the company is ‘anything is possible’. This slogan is said to be in line with Damon Jones history as he claims to have had an uphill climb in his career. The deal agrees to pay Jones approximately $300,000 a year and includes bonuses tied to team performance. One of the prominent considerations in these regards is China’s growing basketball market. Research demonstrates that there are nearly 400 million people aged 20 and younger, many of whom have a growing interest in basketball because of the increasing showing of NBA games in the country. Research also contests that this market will potentially grow 20% to 40% a year for the upcoming decade. While it’s argued that the quality of the shoes are generally the same, it’s necessary for advertising and marketing to be successful to gain increasing market shares. Further Nielson research attests that Li Ning increased advertising spending twenty-fold between 2001 and 2005. In terms of researching specific advertising spokesmen, the company is noted to have traveled to Denver,

Communication ethics policy and law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Communication ethics policy and law - Essay Example Pornography is a controversial issue in many spheres, be it of law or morality. As the world became more globlized with the development of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), the reach of pornography too has increased. Pornographic materials, at present, are freely available in both developed and developing countries. Along with the world wide spread of pornography, the debate on the legal validity and social acceptability of pornography has intensified. The present study aims to assess the arguments and concerns on the phenomenon of pornography. It would examine the strengths, weaknesses and influences of liberalism, feminism and moral perspectives on the discourses on pornography. Many a theorist has come up with compelling arguments supporting the ban of pornography from varying and often antagonistic standpoints. The paper would examine the merits and demerits of the arguments in favor of banning pornography from the standpoint of its internal theoretical validity. The pornography debate itself is started with the invention of mass production, distribution and consumption of pornography. As the effects of pornography spread across the social sections, it was natural for such a debate on pornography to materialize. There were strange combinations and alliances on both side of the spectrum. Curiously, most of the feminists in 1960s even were ready to align with ultra conservatives for the cause of banning pornography. On the other hand, liberals aligned with the new leftists to support the spread of pornography in the name of freedom of expression. The pornography debate is enriched by various currents of liberalism, feminism and conservatism. However, neither liberalism nor feminism or conservatism has a single standpoint on the issue of banning pornography. The liberal and feminist positions concerning the legitimacy of pornography are essentially heterogeneous and articulated from multiple standpoints. The liberal idea of feminism is

American government Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 4

American government - Essay Example United States is still recovering from the most recent economic recession which requires proper formulation and enactment of policies. The government targets a Gross Domestic Product increase of 2.5 per cent in 2014. This paper therefore targets to discuss various reforms and strategies the government can undertake to improve the current economic situation. The first strategic government intervention towards economic growth can be reform of the immigration sector. It is difficult for foreign entrepreneurs to stay in the country because the government has set very many conditions that restrict their entry. Bureaucracy in allowing entrepreneurs and skilled immigrants into the country is so complex to the extent that it is delaying economic recovery. Bureaucracy is costing the nation job opportunities hence reducing the country’s GDP and also harming the nation’s international leadership in entrepreneurship and innovation. The government should adjust its policies on granting green cards to promising entrepreneurs and skilled graduate students. Moreover, it needs to pass the Dream Act to allow law abiding people brought to the United States as children to become citizens. The second government intervention can be cutting costs incurred in healthcare. In the recent years the government’s expenditure on health has risen with a very big margin. The country cannot afford to ignore this trend anymore. If this system persists, a large proportion of the countries income will be deviated to medical care which may not sustainable and will creates a burden on the future generations. The government should initiate a vigorous campaign for healthy lifestyle; develop new ways to manufacture drugs at a lower cost and a technology that can reduce expense on doctors and other medical personnel. This can be achieved through technological advancement and financing research

Castle’s Family Restaurant Business Plan Essay Example for Free

Castle’s Family Restaurant Business Plan Essay Castle’s Family Restaurant is a medium sized business of approximately 300-340 employees with eight restaurants in the Northern California that is currently facing issues related to HR administration. Jay Morgan, the HR manager has to travel weekly to each restaurant location in order to take care of scheduling, recruiting, hiring, and answering employees’ questions. His biggest issue, however, is related to Payroll Administration since Jay Morgan is currently using an Excel spreadsheet with a computer application to print payroll checks manually instead of using automated HRIS software to assist on payroll activities to all employees. In fact, Jay Morgan needs to implement a HRIS Payroll software system to manage payroll information in order to provide fast, accurate and efficient payroll services to all restaurant employees while staying in compliance with industry regulations. HRIS Payroll type of software will definitely provide more accurate and efficient results to what concerns to calculation of employee’s rates differentiation for full and part time employees, hours worked and missing hours, taxes deduction, etc. A efficient payroll software will also automate all these functions that will be easily be managed from anywhere, which means that Jay Morgan will no longer have to travel to all restaurant location to take care of employee’s payroll related issues or inquiries. He also will not have to use an Excel spreadsheet and a computer application to print payroll checks because he can now offer direct deposit option, so employees can have the convenience of having their paychecks automatically deposited into their checking accounts at their payday. The use of HRIS Payroll type of software to be implemented will definitely make a significant difference on HRIS management of Castle’s Family Restaurants. HRIS VENDOR CHOICE A variety of payroll vendors is available in the market to assist Jay Morgan  to better manage all restaurants employees’ payrolls. This assessment however has the purpose to compare two vendors and indicate the most suitable for Castle’s Family Restaurant. 1) Payroll Cafe is a software package designed for all company sizes and a variety of industries that provides automated payroll tools to take care of employees’ payrolls, direct deposits, taxes deductions, etc. â€Å"Payroll Cafe Software is a Windows software package that includes a relational database backend to maximize single data entry which applies in multi-state, multi-location, and multi-department corporations.† (Payroll Cafe) In fact, Payroll Cafe Software offers efficiency and accuracy with their easy to use package, with technical support and development of a Certified Payroll Professional. (Payroll Cafe) Castle’s Family Restaurant can purchase the Payroll Cafà ©-Restaurant version, which is the software specific for restaurants, which includes in/out tips calculations, etc. More details for Payroll Cafe can be seen on link below: http://www.payrollcafe.com/index.htm 2) Paycom is another payroll vendor that offers web-based payroll services to manage employee data and process payroll quickly and accurately. Paycom software processes payroll, runs reports and accesses data regarding to employees Payroll, Time and Attendance, HR, Background Checks, Benefit Administration and COBRA Compliance. Paycom also supports storage of all payroll and HR information in a single database that offers more comprehensive reporting options with consistent data. (Paycom) More details for Paycom can be seen on link below: http://www.paycomonline.com/services/payroll-services/ Although both software vendors can be very beneficial to Castle’s Family Restaurant’s payroll administration, as HR consulting firm we suggest the implementation of â€Å"Paycom† opposed to â€Å"Payroll Cafà ©Ã¢â‚¬  because Paycom offers more payroll features than Payroll Cafe and Paycom is also a payroll software specifically developed for restaurant needs and provides all tools necessary to processes all restaurant-related payroll functions. Payroll Cafà © also offers a version of this software specific for restaurants, but it is not as complete as the one offered by Paycom. Paycom offers a variety of services with online convenience, which means that Jay Morgan will no longer have to travel to each location weekly to take care of scheduling, recruiting, hiring, and answering questions for employees. Paycom offers free training at client’s location and 24/7 live agent assistance to assist Jay Morgan with any inquiry he may have regarding to payroll taxes, time and attendance, garnishments, or a general software question. Payroll Cafà © does not offer training or 24/7 assistance- only regular business hours assistance regarding to software use, which is a downfall since Jay Morgan might need assistance after hours or weekends as well. Both vendors offer good and affordable pricing, but Paycom also has the convenience of â€Å"pay as you go† without upfront software costs or annual costs increase, which is not offered by Payroll Cafà ©. In fact, Paycom is definitely the best choice of HRIS vendor for Castle’s Family Restaurant since it will create a more efficient process for payroll issues and will also assist Jay Morgan with data management for all 300-340 employees, running payroll from anywhere and tracking employee information, such as Liquor Licenses, Permits, Training, I-9 filings, Workers’ Comp injuries, OSHA, FMLA, EEO information, disciplinary actions, turnover reasons, etc, which is not offered by Payroll Cafà ©. (Restaurant Payroll Services) Jay Morgan will no longer have to use an Excel spreadsheet and a computer application to print payroll checks because Paycom will automate all these processes, along with the option for direct deposit, so employees can have their paychecks automatically deposited into their checking accounts at payday. Paycom software will also integrate payroll with POS system, receive free new hire reporting, manage garnishments, comply with minimum wage, and claim tax credits with Paycom’s FICA Tax Tip Credit Report. In addition, earnings and deductions can be customized to the unique needs of restaurant, tips as In/Out earnings can be easily managed and Paycom’s Standard Reports can help Jay Morgan to manage turnover, overtime, labor distribution, and workers’ compensation. (Restaurant Payroll Services) The variety of easy to use functions and features offered by Paycom makes a great difference when  compared to Payroll Cafà © which offers accurate, efficient, but limited restaurant related features. As such, Paycom is a more complete software package and its implementation will eliminate previous payroll issues. Paycom can be easily managed from Jay Morgan’s office with the efficiency and variety of automated features offered by this HRIS software. REFERENCES: Kavanagh, Michael, Thite, Mohan. (2009). Human resource information systems: basics, applications and future directions. Thousands Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc. Paycom. Retrieved on 11/27/2010 from http://www.paycomonline.com/see-the-difference/ Payroll Cafà ©. Retrieved 11/28/2010, from http://www.payrollcafe.com/index.htm Restaurant Payroll Services. Retrieved on 11/26/2010, from http://www.paycomonline.com/solutions/industry/restaurants/

Teamwork advantage and disadvantage

Teamwork advantage and disadvantage List and describe three advantages and three disadvantages of teams. From your personal experience, provide an example of one of the advantages and one of the disadvantages. â€Å"Although teamwork has many advantages, it also has a number of potential disadvantages.† â€Å"When teams are successful, they improve productivity, creativity, employee involvement, and even job security.† â€Å"At their worst, teams are unproductive and frustrating, and they waste everyones time.† (Thill and Bovà ©e, 2008, pgs 40 41) Some advantages include: 1) Increased information and knowledge — By bringing together subject matter experts from several areas of a company gives decision-making teams access to the most information possible; 2) Increased acceptance of a solution — People who are part of making a decision would most likely be the best in helping support, and effectively encouraging others to accept the decision, and 3) Higher performance levels — Working in teams and brainstorming can actually drive an individual to think out of the box. Teams give one the sense of belonging, of self-worth, dignity and also reduce any stress or tension there may be between workers. A personal example of being on a team that had the advantage of increased information and knowledge was in helping the developer of a Customer Relationship Management database by having everyone on the team give specifics as to what was expected out of this database. Within six weeks the database was up and running, with a few tweaks here and there since then, but is still up and running today. Some disadvantages include: 1) Groupthink — Groupthink occurs when individuals are intimidated, or pressured, into acting a certain way by thinking their opinions are not worth hearing. When in the end, their opinions may actually have been better than the end decision; 2) Hidden agendas — Some team members may have motives of trying to undermine another team member, or that they just simply want to take control of the group; and 3) Free riders — Free riders are individuals who show no enthusiasm and make no contributions to the decision-making process. A personal example of being on a team that had the disadvantage of having a free rider was during a two-day class that had various activities as a whole. In one of the activities, we were put in groups of five, were given a topic to discuss and list the reasons/outcomes, and then to present it to the entire group. Since this was not a graded activity, the group chose the free rider to make the presentation. The free rider was not too happy with this group decision, but realized if they would have participated, that someone else may have actually volunteered to make the presentation. The free rider made the presentation with as little enthusiasm as shown during the group activity. Whether youre working on an informal team, which the two most popular types are problem-solving and task forces, or on a formal team that is a committee, companies rely heavily on these teams. Teams can help bring about quicker solutions to problems or ideas that can help the company in the marketplace. This is because the members are employees that should have a vested interest in the company. List and define the three types of listening. Listening is a primary activity. â€Å"Understanding the nature of listening is the first step toward improving your listening skills. People listen in a variety of ways, which influences what they hear and the meaning they extract. In fact, relying on a single approach to listening limits your effectiveness.† (Thill and Bovà ©e, 2008, pg 53) Here are three of the major types of listening: 1) Critical listening — Critical listening is analyzing and understanding the speakers message. There are four factors in determining the speakers intentions: logic, evidence, conclusion, and implication. If you feel that any important information was omitted from the message, ask questions to deter any bias in the way the message is being presented; 2) Empathic listening — Empathic listening is being able to truly understand the emotions behind the speakers message, their feelings, their needs, their wants, and their true passion behind their message. Even if you disagree with their perspective, let them know you understand and can appreciate their feelings; and 3) Active listening — Active listening is the ability to turn off your own biases and filters and to show the speaker, by asking questions and also giving supportive feedback, that they truly understand the message the speaker is presenting. â€Å"The importance of listening in communication is enormous. People often focus on their speaking ability believing that good speaking equals good communication. The ability to speak well is a necessary component to successful communication. The ability to listen is equally as important. Listening takes work and when it comes to improving our communication there is no getting around that.† (http://EzineArticles.com/210731) Describe two instances in your life when you either used or observed nonverbal communication. Define the type of nonverbal communication using the information in the text and discuss how it affected the conversation. â€Å"Paying special attention to nonverbal signals in the workplace will enhance your ability to communicate successfully. Moreover, as you interact with business associates from other backgrounds, youll discover that some nonverbal signals dont necessarily translate across cultures. The range and variety of nonverbal signals are almost endless, but you can grasp the basics by studying six general categories.† (Thill and Bovà ©e, 2008, pg 57) Below are two instances in my life where Ive used and observed two out of the six categories, â€Å"personal appearance† and â€Å"facial expression†. I was interviewing a potential employee to work in my restaurant. This individual had several tattoos and body piercings. Now considering that a front-line employee is the first person a customer sees when they come into a restaurant, this is not the impression I wanted my customers to have. Based on the position that this person was interviewing for and that they are coming to an interview dressed this way, they were non-verbally telling me by their personal appearance, that this is what I should expect of them if they were to come to work for me. I truly had a hard time focusing on any of their responses as I couldnt understand how they thought this type of appearance was acceptable to be hired for any type of position in an establishment where they would be dealing with the public. Needless to say, this person was not hired to work at my restaurant. An instance of observing nonverbal communication was during a mandatory meeting that was called at work and during the meeting one particular individual stood out as you could hear him making little snide remarks about what the speaker was saying, and then used the facial expression of rolling his eyes. This individual also would use posture such as slouching in his chair for awhile then he pulled out his cell phone and started to text. The meeting was actually very informative about a new product the company was developing and was asking for everyones input on ideas for marketing. Since this individual was not listening during the meeting, in the end when we all got back to our desks, he had to go around and ask other co-workers what it was he was supposed to do. Most of the workers told him he would need to go ask his supervisor. Whether he did or not, no one knew, nor did anyone know if he turned in his idea. He was around for about another 2 months, and then we heard he had found another job and wouldnt be back. â€Å"Good communication skills can help you in both your personal and professional life. While verbal and written communication skills are important, research has shown that nonverbal behaviors make up a large percentage of our daily interpersonal communication†. (http://psychology.about.com/od/nonverbalcommunication/tp/nonverbaltips.htm) Nonverbal communication has the potential of sending out the wrong message, whether its misinterpreted, or if what you say doesnt match your actions. Describe the measures that help team members resolve conflict. It is inevitable that at some point in ones professional career they will be on a team where conflict arises. There are numerous reasons for conflict: lack of clarity, decisions have already been made on their own and are unwilling to discuss any further, different values, past history/personalities, or one believes there is completion for some type of resource. There are measures to help team members resolve conflicts — Proaction, communication, openness, research, flexibility, fair play, and alliance. Here are descriptions of each of the conflict resolutions as mentioned: 1) Proaction is when you work out, deal with, a minor conflict before it erupts into a major conflict; 2) Communication is needed to resolve a conflict. This is accomplished by getting those directly involved to communicate to resolve the conflict; 3) Openness is getting all feelings out in the open, and then the main issue at hand can be dealt with; 4) Research is the need to get the facts for the problem before being able to determine any solutions for the problem; 5) Flexibility is being able to be open-minded. Dont let anyones stubbornness get in the way of them being able to consider other solutions to the problem; 6) Fair play is not letting anyone hide behind the rules to avoid getting a fair solution; and 7) Alliance is fighting together as opponents of the outside force, rather than fighting against each other. In order to achieve a win-win solution, teams must be aware of, and learn how to keep destructive conflict from diverting their focus and energy, and also how both sides can satisfy their goals, at least to an extent.

The Primary Obstacle To Success Marketing Essay

The Primary Obstacle To Success Marketing Essay The primary obstacle to success in international marketing is a persons self reference criterion (SRC) in making decision, that is, an unconscious reference to ones own cultural values, experiences, and knowledge as a basis for decisions. The SRC impedes the ability to assess a foreign market in its true light. if we talk about in basic terms then SRC means to forget about self like if a company is going to some another country then the going company will have to take care about the culture etc of the host country and will have to forget about our culture like McDonalds when entered India they sold product aloo tikki burger in spite of their beef burger. In international marketing scenarios, we are talking about working in different cultural environments and hence a self referenced behaviour may not be the correct behaviour from the perspective target culture. Hence, realization of this difference of culture and the possibility of self reference criterion is important in internationa l marketing. This is not such a big issue in domestic marketing since the cultural difference is not major. Animals provide a good illustration of the impact of the SRC on the thinking process. Americans and Europeans commonly treat dogs as family members, addressing the animals affectionately and even letting dogs sleep on family members beds. However in Arab, view dogs as filthy animals. Some in the Far East go so far as to cook and eat dogs. A consumption habit viewed as revolting and compared to cannibalism by Americans. Hindus, in contrast, revere cows and do not understand how Americans can eat beef, especially in large quantity. In order to investigate a phenomenon in another country, a researcher or marketing manager must attempt to eliminate the SRC effect. The marketing challenge is to create a product that fits the needs of a particular culture. The presence of the SRC, if not controlled, can invalidate the result of a research study. Lee suggests a multi step approach to remove the undue influence of the SRC. First the problem should be defined in terms of the culture of the researchers home country. Second, the same problem is defined again, except that it is defined in terms of the cultural norms of the host country. Third, a comparison is made of the two cultural composites. Any difference noted between the composites indicates an existence of the SRC, necessitating another look at the problem with SRC removed. To illustrate the impact of the SRC, consider misunderstanding that can occur about personal space between people of different cultures. In the west, unrelated individuals keep a certain physical distance between themselves and other when talking to each other or in groups. We do not consciously think about that distance; we just know what feels right without thinking. When someone is too close or too far away, we feel uncomfortable and either move further away or get closer to correct the distance, we are relying on our SRC. In some cultures, the acceptable distance between individuals is substantially less than that comfortable to westerners. When they, unaware of another cultures acceptable distance, are approached too closely by someone from another culture, the unconsciously confusion results for the parties. Westerners assume foreigners are pushy, while foreigners assume westerners are unfriendly and stand-offish. Both react to the values of their own SRCs, making them all vict ims of a cultural misunderstanding. http://www.citeman.com/7414-the-self-reference-criterion-and-ethnocentrism-major-obstacles/ Ethnocentrism and the SRC can influence an evaluation of the appropriateness of a domestically designed marketing mix for a foreign market. If US marketers are not aware, they might evaluate a marketing mix based on US experiences (i.e. their SRC) without fully appreciating the cultural differences that require adaptation. Esso, the brand name of a gasoline, was a successful name in the United States and would seem harmless enough for foreign countries; however in Japan the name phonetically means stalled car an undesirable image for gasoline. Another example is Pet in pet Milk. The name has been used for decades, yet in France the word pet means, among other things, flatulence again, not the desired image for canned milk. Both of these examples were real mistakes made by major companies stemming from reliance on their SRC in making a decision. In US culture, a persons SRC would not reveal a problem with either Esso or pet, but in international marketing, relying on ones SRC could pr oduce an inadequately adapted marketing program that ends in failure. Question B To enter a foreign market, a manufacturer has a number of strategic options. Many companies employ multiple strategies. Polycentricity is a strong orientation to the host country. The attitude places emphasis on differences between markets that are caused by variations within, such as in income, culture, laws and politics. The assumption is that each market is unique and consequently difficult for outsiders to understand. Thus, managers from the host country should be employed and allowed to have a great deal of discretion in market decisions. A significant degree of decentralization is thus common across the overseas divisions. On the other hand egocentricity is a compromise between the two extremes of ethonocentricity and policentricity. It could be argued that this attitude is the most important of the three. Egocentricity is an orientation that considers the whole world rather than any particular country as the target market. A geocentric company might be thought of as denational ized or supranational. As such international or foreign departments or markets do not exist because the company does not designate anything international or foreign about market. There is a high likelihood that a geocentric company does not identify itself with a particular country. Therefore, it is often difficult to determine the firms home country except through the location of its headquarters and its corporate registration. A subculture is a distinct and identifiable cultural group that has values in common with the overall society but also has certain characteristics that are unique to itself. Subcultures are groups of people within a larger society. Although the various subcultures share some basic traits of the wider culture, they also preserve their own customs and lifestyles, making them significantly different from other groups within the larger culture of which they are a part. Indonesia, for example, has more than 300 ethnic groups, with lifestyles and cultures that seem thousands of years apart. There are many different ways to classify subcultures. Although race or ethnic origin is one obvious way, it is not the only one. Other demographic and social variables can be just as suitable for establishing subcultures within a nation. The degree of intra country homogeneity varies from one country to another. In the case of Japan, the society as a whole is remarkably homogeneous. Although some regional and racial diversities as well as differences among income classes are to be found, the differentials are not pronounced. There are several reasons why Japan is a relatively homogeneous country. It is a small country in terms of area, making its population geographically concentrated. National pride and management philosophy also help to forge a high degree of unity. As a result, people work together harmoniously to achieve the some common goals. One study of the relationship between ethnicity and lifestyles found significant differences among English, French, Italian, and Greek Canadians even when socio demographic variables were controlled. Greek Canadians, for example, are more brands loyal but dislike credit. Each ethnic group, due to size, may require a differentiated marketing strategy. Ethnically speaking, two prominent subcultures emerge: English speaking and French speaking. Studies have repeatedly shown that the French speaking and English speaking households differ from each other significantly in term of demographics, subculture, and consumption habits. French Canadians consumer behaviour is a cross between that of North Americans and that of the continental French, being both similar to and different from those of these two groups. Compare to the French, Quebecers are more direct, less dramatic and less formal. Compare to other English Canadians, Quebecers move far less often and thus have far less need to make long distance phone calls to relatives and friends. Subculture may provide an effective basis for market segmentation. In the case of the United States, African Americans, Hispanic Americans and Asian Americans spend around $750 billion annually and deserve marketing attention. American firms attempt to attract various sub cultural groups in many different ways. Carnival Cruise Lines has an entire cruise ship (Fiesta Marina) just for the Hispanic market. McDonalds has created a Mac Report series of Spanish infomercials. J C Penney has outfitted 170 stores to carry merchandise for Hispanic and African American consumers. ATT, MCI, and Sprint have advertised their long distance phone services in a variety of Asian dialects. One marketer offered native language coupons giving $24 discounts with each purchase to Chinese Americans. Unfortunately, 2 and 4 in some Chinese communities are close to the words easy and death respectively. Naturally, many customers do not want easy death. In another case, green baseball caps were offered as premi ums during a Chinese New Year celebration. Among older generations, a man wearing a green cap wants to bring public scorn on his wife by telling the public that his is cheating on him. Culture prescribes acceptable beliefs, traditions, customs and values that are then socially shared. Culture is subjective, enduring yet dynamic and cumulative. It affects peoples behaviour in diverse ways through logic, communication and consumptions. Although some cultural traits are universal, many others are unique and vary from country to country. And in spite of national norm, cultural differences as a rule even exist within each country. While there may be a tendency to misunderstand different cultures and subcultures, this temptation should be resisted. Being the force that it is, the culture of one country should not be judged as superior to the culture of another country. Each culture has its own particular values and social practices, and the international marketer will be much further ahead if he or she tries to walk in the other persons shoes in order to understand more clearly that persons concerns and ideas. It is also more important to know what a person thinks than w hat that persons language is. Because of the great differences in language and culture around the world, any firms need to adjust their approach to solving marketing problems in different countries. In a foreign cultural environment, the marketing plan that has worked well at home may no longer be effective. As a result, the firms marketing mix may have to undergo significant adaption and adjustment. However, effective marketing in this environment will thus mandate that the company be culturally responsive. BIBLIOGRAPHY 1. International marketing, Analysis and Strategy, Third edition by Sak Onkvisit John J Shaw chapter 1, 6, 9 2. International marketing, European edition by Cateora and Ghauri chapter 1, 6 3. Marketing across cultures, 4th edition by J C Usunier and J A Less Part 1 (1,23), Part 2 (4, 7)

Essay --

Sena Jeter Naslund’s life and her success as an author. Mrs. Naslund was born Sena Kathryn Jeter was born and raised in Birmingham Alabama. While growing up Naslund was captivated by books. These books sparked her to start creative writing on her own. She was expected into one of the most prestigious creative writing programs in the nation. There she earned masters and Ph.D. in creative writing and literature. Naslund served as the director of the university for twelve years and has been a visiting professor at several other colleges thought the years. The first publication of her work was publicized in nineteen-seventy two, the book â€Å"Julius Geissler†. She later published five novels and two short stories. Sena Kathryn Jeter was born June twenty eight nineteen forty- two. She was born and raised in Birmingham, Alabama. Sena Jeter attended Phillips High School. She begins writing at the young age of nine. Her first short story was published in her school newspaper. However, writing is not but one of her many talents, she also played the cello in Birmingham Youth and Alabama pops orchestras. The University of Alabama offered her scholarships for music. Sena declined there offer because she felt writing was her true talent. After declining the University of Alabama she applied to the Birmingham Southern College. Sena accomplished a bachelor’s degree, while attending Birmingham-Southern College. To further her education as a grad student Sena applied to the University of Iowa’s Iowa Writers Workshop. This being one of the nation’s most prestigious creative writing programs. During her stay at the University of Iowa Sena Earned a Masters and a PH.D in creative writing and literature in nineteen seventy-one. Sena Jeter had a few... ...imate and epic. Being from the south widely influences the way that Naslund writes. Some of her other writings include† Abundance† A novel of Marie Antoinette written in two thousand six and Adam and Eve written in two thousand ten. Naslund now lives in Louisiana with her husband John C. Morrison. However she keeps close ties to her home state of Alabama. She was recognized by the Alabama State Council of Arts, who presented her with the Governor’s Arts Award in two thousand eleven. Naslund is currently professor and writer at the University of Louisville and the Director of Spalding University master of the fine arts program in creative writing. She also continues to work for the Louisville Review and the Fleur-de-Lis-Press. Sena Jeter Naslund defiantly has an all-around passion for writing. Maybe that is the reason her novels are all most impossible to put down. Essay -- Sena Jeter Naslund’s life and her success as an author. Mrs. Naslund was born Sena Kathryn Jeter was born and raised in Birmingham Alabama. While growing up Naslund was captivated by books. These books sparked her to start creative writing on her own. She was expected into one of the most prestigious creative writing programs in the nation. There she earned masters and Ph.D. in creative writing and literature. Naslund served as the director of the university for twelve years and has been a visiting professor at several other colleges thought the years. The first publication of her work was publicized in nineteen-seventy two, the book â€Å"Julius Geissler†. She later published five novels and two short stories. Sena Kathryn Jeter was born June twenty eight nineteen forty- two. She was born and raised in Birmingham, Alabama. Sena Jeter attended Phillips High School. She begins writing at the young age of nine. Her first short story was published in her school newspaper. However, writing is not but one of her many talents, she also played the cello in Birmingham Youth and Alabama pops orchestras. The University of Alabama offered her scholarships for music. Sena declined there offer because she felt writing was her true talent. After declining the University of Alabama she applied to the Birmingham Southern College. Sena accomplished a bachelor’s degree, while attending Birmingham-Southern College. To further her education as a grad student Sena applied to the University of Iowa’s Iowa Writers Workshop. This being one of the nation’s most prestigious creative writing programs. During her stay at the University of Iowa Sena Earned a Masters and a PH.D in creative writing and literature in nineteen seventy-one. Sena Jeter had a few... ...imate and epic. Being from the south widely influences the way that Naslund writes. Some of her other writings include† Abundance† A novel of Marie Antoinette written in two thousand six and Adam and Eve written in two thousand ten. Naslund now lives in Louisiana with her husband John C. Morrison. However she keeps close ties to her home state of Alabama. She was recognized by the Alabama State Council of Arts, who presented her with the Governor’s Arts Award in two thousand eleven. Naslund is currently professor and writer at the University of Louisville and the Director of Spalding University master of the fine arts program in creative writing. She also continues to work for the Louisville Review and the Fleur-de-Lis-Press. Sena Jeter Naslund defiantly has an all-around passion for writing. Maybe that is the reason her novels are all most impossible to put down.

The Age of Technology Essay -- Technology Society Information Essays P

The Age of Technology From the time you are born until the day you die one thing will remain constant and that is the progress of technology. Everyday there is something new brought into our world. Whether it be a revision of an old technology or just a new discovery, it doesn ¹t matter, there is always progress. Today we live in a culture where technology has effected everything. Technology has come in to play a role in religion, science, and even the imitation of humankind. Today it is hard to find one thing that technology does not play a role in. With technology there is always progress and until the end of time it will always be in motion. Recently, I have had to do some research concerning the progress of technology and it ¹s effects on humankind throughout history. Throughout my research one thing became obvious to me and that is technology, in a short period of time, has progressed drastically. Whether you agree with the bible that Cain was the first inventor(Genesis 4) or simply believe in the mythological character Thamus, it doesn ¹t matter. Somehow and somewhere technology began and since then it has never stopped growing. To research this topic I went to a cultural critic who is an expert in analyzing technology ¹s effect on culture. In the technological world Neil Postman is a well regarded as a cultural critic for his opinion and for his view of technology today. He is also known for other books such as, The Disappearance of Childhood, and Crazy Talk, Stupid Talk. The book that I concentrated on was a book entitled Technopoly: The Surrender of Culture to Technology. In this book Neil Postman reasons tha t ultimately the technological world will render us more harm, than benefit. Also, he goes on at length abou... ...ngulfed him with technology and now lives in a technopoly. Postman went on to show that today for every old world belief there is a technological answer. Man, no longer needs to depend on his culture, rather he could depend on technology. For prayer, he would take penicillin. For reading, just switch on the television and for sin all you need is psychotherapy. You can see clearly that man has left their God entirely. He went from total dependency to total independence, just as Cain did. I believe that throughout the whole book of Technopoly, Mr. Postman ¹s stressed one thing the most and that is that man has left God, has replaced God, and realizes that unless something is done to bring man back, he has surrendered his life to technology. BIBLIOGRAPHY TECHNOPOLY: THE SURRENDER OF CULTURE TO TECHNOLOGY. Neil Postman. Random House Inc. NEW YORK. C1992

American football Essay

Actuality There are so many scenarios in life that are made out to be completely different than they actually are because of media. Movies and shows make everything seem like something is one way and then in actuality it’s nothing like it. Throughout movies from scene to scene things are dramatized, over exaggerated, and made out to be better or worse than the situation or things really are. As a child I always watched movies and was deceived by them without even realizing it. I always enjoyed football movies most because I could relate to most of the things and could compare things in the movie to my actual life. They have always drawn my attention and I usually was misled by the way they made the sport in general seem. I wanted to play football at a young age but was always mistaken on the way the game actually was. It was made out to be way harder and worse than actuality. Friday Night Lights and Remember the Titans are two movies I always referred to. Throughout the years of playing football from elementary school to being a college athlete now these movies are the ones that stood out to me. In Friday Night Lights and Remember the Titans the teams have many similarities: The atmosphere isn’t just an  ordinary family, its boys that love each other and play like no one is different. They act like they have grown up together on the field and off and have a bond that can’t be separated even when it’s a tough game or things are falling apart. The teams have a passion for the game and get emotionally invested in it. Practices always came off to be miserable and extremely tough in movies. The drills they run through and exaggerate make football seem really intense. The coaches are very into every second of the practices with little down time and a lot of things to be covered. The  practices are long and drawn out so there is no room to screw up or mess around. The coaches show the passion for the game by the way they get into the practice and are tough on each player. Although they are tough, they build very personal relationships and bonds with each of their players. The coaches in movies seem to be a father figure and a great example to all the players. The relationships show in the games and when they are playing as they lead each other to have selfmotivation and push not only one another but themselves as well. My real life experiences with football have  been very opposite to the way movies portray these instances to be. I had always thought practices and the sport would be painstaking because of the movies and in reality it was completely wrong. I went into high schools nervous and worried that the first practice would be intimidating and eerie as I would wait for the bell at the end of each day and dread the fact that now it was time for football. What I mean by that is I would sit in my desk and repeatedly think of getting killed by the bigger kids. I would continue to look at the clock and every minute felt like 30, I was just scared and  nervous. I soon began to realize and understand that it was just the way the movies make things seem. Practice was not actually full of the coaches yelling and making us do drills that were unbearable. It was all made out to be something it was not. In reality the team isn’t bonded and nearly as close as the movies make them out to be. Some people get along and some don’t, football is not the only reason for everyone to get along. Maybe it was where I went to school but I just couldn’t compare much to the movies. Drills in the movie would last hours and throughout my life of playing football my drills would be short. The drills wouldn’t take your breath away and you wouldn’t be at a loss of energy. In the movies you have coaches in your ear yelling at you, grabbing your facemask to get your attention, and every time they got close to your face their spit would go all over you. Throughout my life coaches were not physical, they wouldn’t grab you, pull you, or throw you around. Practice would consist of cone drills, where you had to set up cones in different areas and run full speed. Another drill we did was seven versus seven, which consist of 7 offensive  guys and 7 defensive guys with no line men. There would be four receivers sometimes five depending on the formations, a quarterback, and a running back also with two occasionally. The coach would call a play and you would have to try and move the ball down field only by passing the ball. Another drill we would do as a team consisted of all eleven players on both sides of the ball in a game-like situation. Everything in the movie seemed to consist of screaming, drills that would look like it could almost kill you, and coaches just all over you every time you made a mistake. It seemed like you just couldn’t catch a break. They really are great, inspirational movies. I even sometimes wished my school was the way movies were. Most people can relate if they play football and have seen either two movies. If you are a high school freshman or student athlete they can really make you nervous and scared to go and play. Maybe it was my school, but most people I have talked to can relate and have the same opinion. That is why I always thought playing football was going to be miserable and harsh but I have now come to the realization in my own life that it is nothing like I had ever expected.

Managing Diversity in the Workplace

umpteen people believe that inequality is a thing of the past. They acknowledge that favouritism in the controlplace was a practiced job in earlier times. In the pre direct times, there is already heightened consciousness of the problem, as swell up as the large legal and financial consequences, rich person eliminated roughly forms of discrimination.Aside from globalization, multiculturalism has pass unitary of the buzzwords of the Information Age. Multiculturalism con nones revolution in culture and society. In in truthization of the sort in Ameri lowlife culture, multiculturalism has its root in the things that separate people from separately other. Varieties of multiculturalism go in divergent directions exactly whether radical or liberal, whether emphasizing index finger or weakness and the distinct contributions of individu anyy ethnic theme, multiculturalism keeps coming back to its grow in the word difference.The broad(prenominal)-minded of mixture, t he mixing of things up, spreading the wealth, creating a new-sprung(prenominal) invention of us, never preferably ensued rapidly. In relating to racial, ethnic and sexual identity, multiculturalism carved out discrete aras of high profile but kept those atomic number 18as self-contained. Since the pith of the 1990s, dissatis accompanimention with this spotlight has been widespread, peculiarly as the very belief of race has been forcefully c tout ensembleed into question. Black whitethorn have been beautiful in the 1960s, and decent in the 1970s, but it has also become increasingly skyli motivation by cultural historians as a social construct, one inflexible in place only by racism itself (Cotter, 2001).As most of the people ahead(p) Americas major institutions have grown up in segregated communities with segregated schools, they have had limited opportunities to interact with people from different cultures-people whose first language may not be English, or whose skin contort is not the same as their own. Many of these leaders have internalized all the stereotypes intimately race, grammatical gender, sexual orientation and ethnicity that ar reinforced into the structures of our society and our shapings.They ar ill lively for the heterogeneity which exists in most geological formations today and will surely exist in all transcriptions tomorrow. The dramatic changes that are upon us are creating an imperative to consider real integration of all contributeersnot as a matter of social jurist or civil rights, but as a necessity for survival (Cross, 2000, p. 2).Despite the particular that there are laws that inhibit, discrimination solace exists in many corporations. Class-action discrimination typefaces are soothe being resignd all day to the tune of millions of dollars. For example, Texaco settled a $176.1 million racial discrimination lawsuit involving 1,400 employeesFord Motor Company agree to pay $3 million to settle allegations that women and minority appli cigaretts were discriminated against in the hiring growth at several Ford plants and Coca-Cola settled a racial discrimination lawsuit for $192.5 million. Currently, hazardous suits alleging workplace discrimination are unfinished at organizations ranging from Johnson & Johnson and BellSouth to the National Football league (George and Jones 2005, 341).In some(prenominal)ones place of employment, for example, what does it mean when individual differences are distributed unequally across organisational levels or among work functions? What are the implications of some members memory majority status while others are minorities in respect to representation with the organization?The daily work challenges faced by minority cultures or populations in organizations can range from having to deal with misunderstandings and lack of esthesia on the one hand to ache harassment and discrimination, active or subtle, on the other. In respect to race traffic i n the workplace, a Fortune clip article once concluded The profound news is, theres plenty of progress for companies and employees to speech about. But what often doesnt bring in said, especially in mixed-race settings, is how much remains to get done (Mehta 2000, p. 182).A recent guinea pig revealed that when rsums are sent to electric potential employers, those with white-sounding first names, such as Brett, received 50 percent much(prenominal) responses than those with black-sounding first names, such as Kareem. The fact is that such bias can pipe down be limiting factors in to a fault many work settings (Columbus Dispatch, 2003). Prejudice, or the property of negative, irrational opinions and attitudes regarding members of diverse populations, sets the stage for potpourri bias in the workplace.Such bias can result in discrimination that actively disadvantages individuals by treating them un delightfully and denying them the full benefits of organizational membership. This means that even though organizations are changing today, people are inactive aware that most senior executives in large organizations are older, white, and male. There is still likely to be more hands variety show at lower and middle levels of most organizations than at the top.In seeing variation, one common theme in some approaches is that diversity is about all kinds of difference. However, this view takes us down a dead-end road. Surely, the goal of management in habitual is just that managing all kinds of difference. It is clear that what is involve from a field that is called managing diversity are theories and practices that help organizations reduce discrimination and enable employees who are increasingly diverse by race, gender, sexual orientation and ability to work in concert effectively.Managers not only penury to be competent in introductory management skills, they need to learn how to obligate those skills competently and comfortably when the employees i n their transport are not like them. They need to know how to apply the organizations policies and practices equitably to all employees.When managers become aware of evidence of potential discrimination, they need to pay immediate solicitude and act proactively to address the potential problem and perhaps change the organizations policies and practices. The management and lead implications should be summed up in the concept of managing diversity. R. Roosevelt Thomas Jr. (1992) defines this as the process of comprehensively developing a work environment that is for everyone, that allows all kinds of people to glide by their full potential.To help guide others in managing diversity, he poses these questions (1) What do I as a manager need to do to ensure the effective and efficient mapping of goods and services of employees in pursuit of the corporate boot? (2) What are the implications of diversity for the way I manage? When all managers can dis settlement agent these questio ns positively Thomas calls the organization diversity mature.In such organizations, there is a diversity mission as well as an organizational mission diversity is viewed as a strategic imperative and the members understand diversity concepts. Ultimately, Thomas & waldmeister (1999) considered the basic building block of a diversity-mature organization is to become the diversity-mature individual. gibe to Thomas & Woodruff, a diversity-mature individual is soul who can positively and honestly resolving power the nine questions posed in The impressive Manager 2.1 atomic number 18 You Mature on multifariousness?1. Do you accept individualised responsibility for alter your surgical process?2. Do you accept personal responsibility for improving your organizations performance?3. Do you understand yourself and your organization?4. Do you understand important diversity concepts?Do you make decisions involving differences based on ability to meet job requirements? Do you understand t hat diversity is complex and accompanied by tensions? Are you able to lintel with complexity and tensions in addressing diversity? Are you willing to challenge the way things are? Are you willing to learn perpetually?In a research account by the Gallup Management Journal (December 2001), revealed that establishing a racially and ethnically inclusive workplace is good for honorablee. In a study of 2014 American workers, those who felt included were more likely to stay with their employers and recommend them to others. peck questions asked such things as Do you continuously trust your company to be fair to all employees?At work, are all employees always treated with respect? Does your executive program always make the best use of employees skills? they have gathered a cultivation that organizational culture of inclusivity counts both in terms of respect for people and in building organizational capacities for sustainable high performance.Thus, managers and business leaders to day hap that managing diversity makes good business find as a strategic imperative, not just a legal and moral one. A diverse workforce offers a rich pool of talents, ideas, and viewpoints useful for solving the complex problems of highly competitive and often-uncertain environments. No doubt that well-managed workforce diversity increases humane capital. If we are to succeed in service of process our organizations and our society become more equitable, more open, more inclusive and more profitable, we moldiness not fall into power struggles between the management and its subordinates.There is still no nostrum that would eventually eliminate racial and gender biases, but in working together to the advantage of everyone will somehow mellow out the various barriers that impede productive create and understanding our fellowmen. This is because the success of an organization generally lies on a common consensus that considers diversity to be an opportunity for everyone in an orga nization to learn from each other and take on each others cooperation in order to improve the quality of the performance as an individual, as a group and as a company.ReferencesColumbus Dispatch. (2003, January 17). Racism in Hiring Remains, Study Says. p. B2.Cross, E. Y. (2000). Managing DiversityThe Courage to Lead. Westport, CT Quorum Books.Gallup Management Journal. (2001, December). The Most Inclusive Workplaces return the Most Loyal Employees. Gallup Group.George, Jennifer M. & Jones, Gareth R. (2005). Understanding and Managing organisational Behavior, (4th ed.), New York Prentice-Hall Pearson Education Company.Mehta, Stephanie N. (2000, July 10). What Minority Employees sincerely Want, Fortune, pp. 181186.Thomas, R. Roosevelt Jr. (1992). Beyond Race and sexual urge (New York AMACOM), p. 10Thomas, R. Roosevelt Jr. & Woodruff, Marjorie I. (1999).Building a House for Diversity (New York AMACOM).